From a technological perspective one focus area is related to the reduction of Sulphur oxide and Nitrogen oxide. Research shows that substantial reduction of Sulphur oxide emissions can be achieved by switching to lower sulphur marine fuels and using seawater scrubbing practices. The reduction of nitrogen oxide can be achieved by engine upgrades or re-circulating exhaust gas. In both cases investment and operational changes are required to have any impact on the current levels of greenhouse gas emissions being generated by the shipping industry. However, at this juncture the shipping industry is not being compelled to implement changes given the off shore legal corporate structures that the companies operate under.
